The landscape of abortion access in the United States has been dramatically reshaped since the landmark Roe v. Wade decision was overturned nearly two years ago. A new report by the Guttmacher Institute, a research organization supporting abortion rights, reveals a surprising trend: medication abortion is surging in popularity.
Medication Abortion Takes Center Stage
In 2023, medication abortion, a two-drug regimen approved by the FDA to terminate pregnancies up to 10 weeks, accounted for nearly two-thirds (64%) of all abortions performed in the U.S. This is a significant increase from 2020, when medication abortions comprised only 53% of procedures.
Increased Demand, Increased Access
This rise in medication abortion use coincides with a near-total ban on the procedure in over a dozen states. However, the Guttmacher report paints a picture of resilience and adaptation. Abortion clinics in states where the procedure remains legal have expanded services by adding staff, extending hours, and opening new locations. Advocacy groups have also stepped up, providing crucial funding to help women travel to states where abortion is accessible.
The Power of Telehealth and Relaxed Regulations
The increased accessibility of medication abortion can be attributed to several factors. One key driver is the expansion of telehealth abortion services. This allows women to consult with healthcare providers remotely, eliminating geographical barriers and facilitating access for those in remote areas.
Furthermore, the Food and Drug Administration's 2021 decision to relax restrictions on mifepristone, one of the two drugs used in medication abortion, has proven impactful. This move allows the medication to be delivered by mail-order pharmacies, increasing convenience and privacy. However, the future of these relaxed regulations remains uncertain, with the Supreme Court set to hear arguments challenging them later this month.
Bricks-and-Mortar Pharmacies Step Up
Despite the legal uncertainties, some major pharmacy chains are taking a proactive stance. This month, both CVS and Walgreens announced that their pharmacies would be seeking certification to dispense mifepristone. This move could significantly expand access points for women seeking medication abortion.
Abortion Numbers Rise Despite Restrictions
The Guttmacher report reveals a counterintuitive trend: the number of abortions in the U.S. actually increased to one million in 2023. This represents the highest number of abortions since 2011 and the highest rate since 2012. These findings highlight the remarkable adaptability of abortion providers and advocacy groups in the face of legislative hurdles.
A Network of Support: In-State and Out-of-State Access
The report sheds light on the growing importance of interstate travel in accessing abortion care. In states like Kansas and New Mexico, where abortion remains legal, women from other states seeking abortions now constitute more than half of patients. Similarly, states like Illinois and North Carolina see out-of-state patients making up over a third of their abortion clinic clientele.
While the influx of out-of-state patients plays a role, the increased availability of telehealth services, new legal protections in some states, and expanded financial aid programs are also contributing to the rise in overall abortion numbers.
The future of abortion access in the U.S. remains uncertain, with ongoing legal battles and the potential for further restrictions. However, the Guttmacher report offers a glimpse of hope and resilience. Women are finding ways to access the care they need, and abortion providers and advocacy groups are demonstrating remarkable adaptability in the face of immense challenges.
